December is Seasonal Affective Disorder Awareness Month which calls attention to a winter depression condition now known as Seasonal Depression.
According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI, the condition is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression in late fall and winter, alternating with periods of normal mood the rest of the year.
This month, NAMI encourages people to recognize the symptoms and seek treatment and support.
The condition tends to be more prevalent among women and younger people and those people living in northern latitudes.
Symptoms usually begin in late and subside in early spring, and most people don't feel “normal" until early May.
The condition is different than classic depression, often characterized by weight loss and trouble sleeping. Instead, those with seasonal depression tend to gain weight and sleep more.
In addition, many experience decreased sexual interest, lethargy, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts and lack of interest in usual activities and decreased socialization
As with most depressive disorders, the best treatment includes a combination of antidepressant medications, cognitive behavioral therapy and exercise.
Researchers at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) were the first to suggest that seasonal depression is a response to decreased light, and they experimented with the use of bright light to address the symptoms.
Scientists have also suggested that the neurotransmitter serotonin may not work optimally in people who experience seasonal depression.
Light therapy consists of regular, daily exposure to a "light box," which artificially simulates high-intensity sunlight. It’s different than ordinary indoor light typically found in offices and homes. Normal household lighting is not sufficient to treat this condition.
Some people may require treatment only during the time of the year in which they experience symptoms, or they may require treatment that begins before symptoms are most severe. Others may choose year-round treatment.
What you can do during December
Support yourself or others: Encourage those affected to get plenty of exercise, especially outdoors, and maintain consistent sleep and wake times.
Stay connected: Spend time with loved ones in ways that require low energy, such as watching a movie together.
Seek professional help: If you or someone you know is struggling, consider reaching out to a doctor or a mental health professional. NAMI has more information on its website, NAMI.org.
